Anti Aging Cream-Vichy free essay sample

The following report is based on LifeActiv which is VICHY Laboratories anti aging cream The main focus of the report is to gain a better understanding on the different aspects to be taken into consideration in the process of Marketing and selling of a product in an assigned territory. The chosen territory is the city of Mumbai. The product is targeted at women within the age group 30-60 in the middle or high income level.The marketing strategy adopted is mainly to develop a strong chain of chemists and dermatologists to market and sell Vichy products. A sales force of 5 representatives is proposed to undertake selling and promotional activities. A detailed training and development schedule is discussed for the salespersons clearly defining their roles and territories. The benefit statements of the customer are prepared under different response modes to help us understand the value that the product can offer to its end user. We will write a custom essay sample on Anti Aging Cream-Vichy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Preparation of the project time line is done evaluating the time which will be taken by the territory manager at each and every step of the process. To evaluate the performance of each sales person a Monthly Information report is prepared. The closing materials give the information about the terms and conditions of the purchase order; it provides us with the proforma invoice and regulations followed by the organization. 2 Table of Contents. Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21Topic Introduction Industry Analysis Company overview Product Description Product Segmentation Customer profile Product Sales Channels Product Market Grid Job Profile of Salesman Job Description Training Document Benefit Statement Comparative Analysis Market Development Plan Territory Allocation Sales Call Sheet Sales Force Calculation Financials Monthly Information System Project Time Line Closing Material PageNo. 4 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10-11 12-13 14 15 16-18 19 20-21 22 22-30 31 32-33 34-43 3 Introduction Cosmetics are conventionally bundled into three categories — skin lightning, moisturizing and anti-aging.Anti-aging products are used in modern times to reduce the physical appearance of aging such as wrinkles, sun spots and skin damage. Some anti-aging products are geared toward middle-aged people to reverse the effects of aging. Other products are marketed as preventatives to slow or stop aging before it begins. These products address the problem of preventing, reversing or slowing the effects of aging among people. Some well-known treatments have been in use for centuries, while others have only just been introduced. Peoples desire to look younger has boosted the anti-aging products market into a multibillion dollar industry.Industry Analysis Market research firm ACNielsen puts the anti-aging cosmetic market in India at over Rs 100crore. Though just over 3% of the countrys Rs 3,000-crore skin care market, the anti-aging segment is the fastest growing at 93% year-on-year. Although the modern Indian consumers are opening up to the western products, it is important to take notice that the larger consumer is still of a traditional mindset. There has been strong influence of ayurvedic and home remedies for the ordinary Indian consumer when it comes to skin care and beauty.The Indian anti aging segment is flooded with many products from domestic and international markets. This Industry is facing a major threat from the substitute treatments like Botox, Anti Aging pills, Ayurvedic products of brands like Himalaya and Shenaz Hussain, Skin Therapy Clinics like KAYA, specialized health foods and beverages, etc. Some of the major players of the industry are PG, HLL, L‘Oreal, Revelon, Lakme, Clinique, Lancome, Neutragena, Oriflame, Avon, Nivea, Vichy Laboritories, Johnson Johnson, Garnier, and Amway. Company OverviewSince it was founded in 1931, Vichy Laboratories mission has always been to help every individual to optimize their skins health. In doing s o,they are dedicated to giving you a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of your skins physiological mechanisms with the ultimate goal of promoting good skin health and beauty. Their expertise ranges from skin aging to skin dryness, acne prone skin, and sun protection. Vichy Laboratoires is the No. 1 skincare brand in European pharmacies. They offer a diverse range of allergy-tested products. 4Product Description LiftActiv Anti-wrinkle and firming cream This product is created and developed to make your skin look younger, brighter and rejuvenate. While many other creams boast of reducing fine lines and wrinkles, this serum penetrates the skin and works at the DNA level to reduce wrinkles as well as reduce redness, sun spots and reduces the size of pores. Ongoing use of these products is a must and must be continued all your life in order to maintain the look and appearance of beautiful smooth skin. The product is sold in a 50 ml jar for Rs. 1490/-Positives of the Wrinkle Cream ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Medical grade ingredients backed by clinical studies Reduces the size of pores, giving skin a smoother, brighter appearance Leaves skin stronger and healthier A REAL Alternative to Botox Skin is visibly re-tightened and wrinkles are smoothed from within. Breakthrough Technology continuously releases pure Vitamin C into the skin for 24 hours. Contains Keratolytic ingredient to boost cellular multiplication during the day. Reduces redness, sunspots, discoloration Works at the DNA level to eliminate wrinkles and prevent them in the future Product Segmentation The anti aging product is targeted at women in the age group of 30 to 60. It is meant for the Upper middle and higher class of society. The primary buyers of this product will be professionals who are in the service industry and who are required to maintain their physical appearance to remain in their profession. Professional Necessity: Actors, Models Primary Segment Work Requirements: Air Hostesses, Receptionists, Journalists Secondary Segment Tertiary Segment Social Standing: Corporate Executives, House wives. 6Customer ProfileName: Neetu Singh Age: 38 Profession: Assistant Vice President; DBS- India (Development Bank Of Singapore) Office Location: Lower Parel Residence: Andheri West, 7 Bungalows. Work Time: 9-5. Being a workaholic, she normally returns home at around 9 pm. Nature of work: Stressful, Consistent Delivery demanded, High Responsibility. Daily Diet: Breakfast-Canned Fruit Juice or milk with Cereals and Bread. Lunch- Office Canteen (Including fresh fruits and salad) Dinner- Home Cooked Food Family: Husband Mr. Deepak Singh ( HSBC Senior GM) and a 10 year old son Gaurav.Traits: Confident, Straight forward, Practical. Likes: Travelling, Reading, Movies. Other Grooming Products use: MAC-Make up, Kerastase-Hair care, Vichy- Night Cream. Introduction To Vichy: A free sample at a shopping mall. Usage: Applies daily and consumes a 50 ml bottle every 60 days. Product result: Very happy with the visible change. Has become a brand ambassador and has convinced others (2 colleagues and 4 friends) to use the product. 7 Product sale Channels: I. Dermatologists: There are around 650 dermatologists in Mumbai. For the promotion of our product these dermatologists will have to be categorized as under:Category A: 50 Doctors These are the top most practitioners of dermatology and specialize is cosmetology. The average daily patients that these doctors see are 60-70. The location of these doctors is in prime areas like Churchgate, Mumbai Central, Dadar, Bandra, Juhu, Andheri, Cuffe Parade, Colaba, Etc. These doctors have relatively high knowledge about the products like Vichy and are aware of its advantages hence they need less convincing and high persuasion. There is heavy importance given to cater to this category of doctors as they cater to the same market segment as our prospective customers.The Category A doctors will be approached 3 times a month by Vichy representatives. Category B: 100 Doctors These are doctors who have a decent patient inflow of about 30-40 per day. They are less aware of medicated cosmetology so they need a higher deal of convincing. Once they are influenced to prescribing the product, a significant amount of revenue can be generated from them. The category B doctors will be approached 2 times a month Category C: 500 Doctors The doctors in this category are catering to a mass audience and are not in line with our target audience.Still we cannot completely ignore this segment as they have the potential for some business. After carefully evaluating certain doctors who can add value to our sales, we should keep these doctors informed about our product. The Category C doctors will be approached once every month. II. Chemists: Since our product is placed under medical cosmetics, we need to target setting special Vichy counters at some selected Chemists. The chemists have to be selected according to the location, size of the store, foot fall of customers and sales. A total of 50 chemists are selected for setting 8 up of Vichy counters.These counters are manned by a representative from the company who attracts potential buyers and explains them about the product. There are free samples and brochures given to create awareness about the product. The 50 chemists are further classified under three categories (A,B,C) so that there can be higher focus on key performing units. Product Market Grid Prospect Customers To Stock Vichy Products Dermatologist Cosmologists Chemists Shopping Malls Gymnasiums General Stores Beauty salons Spas Prospect End Consumers Actors Models Air Hostesses Female Corporate Executives Housewives Receptionists ? ? ? ? ? ? Vichy LiftActiv ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 9 Job profile of the sales man A great salesman needs to possess a pleasing personality and excellent communication skills. He should radiate high energy levels and enthusiasm. A sense of empathy to identify with the customers as well as ability to identify customer needs would be a great asset. A never give up attitude helps in facing challenges head on. Ability to plan well and execute are critical. A good commercial sense enables right investments. Ability to organize and plan helps manage territory and above all a zeal to succeed keeps the sales person highly motivated despite all the challenges.Sales people should be able to identify the needs of potential customers and create a solution to persuade them to buy products or services. A well as finding new business, sales representatives are responsible for maintaining existing accounts and ensuring existing customers are getting the service they want. The sales man will usually work within a specific area, calling in person or by telephone to make appointments to show products or services, negotiating sales and after-sales services. Other duties may include dealing with records, accounts and paperwork.In addition to generate sales, the sales man will also be assigned with developmental activities for this product. These activities will have to be co ordinate with the sales manager of the allocated territory. The salesman is assigned to attend to 6-7 sales calls per day, generate database of prospect customers throughout the week, on all Saturdays he is assigned to handle only developmental activities. The core skills a sales executive needs are excellent communication skills, commercial awareness and self-motivation.A detailed knowledge of company products and those of competitors through training, but the ability to persuade and negotiate to win customers or sales is something he has to develop. Job Description of Salesman In any setting, the process of selling involves contacting potential customers, identifying their needs, persuading them that your products or services (rather than those of competitors) can best satisfy those needs, closing the sale by agreeing the terms and conditions, and providing an aftersales service. Medical sales representatives do all of this and more.In particula r, typical work activities include: ? Arranging appointments with dermatologists, pharmacists, which may include pre-arranged appointments or regular cold calling; targeting all the dermatologists and cosmologists in Mumbai. 10 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Making presentations to doctors, practice staff, hospital doctors, and pharmacists in the retail sector. Presentations may take place in medical settings during the day or may be conducted in the evenings at a local hotel or conference venue. Organizing conferences for doctors on weekends.Building and maintaining positive working relationships with medical staff and supporting administration staff e. g. receptionists, distributors, etc Managing budgets (for catering, outside speakers, conferences, hospitality, etc); Keeping detailed records of all contacts and reaching (and if possible exceeding) annual sales targets. Planning work schedules and weekly and monthly timetables. This may involve working with the area sales team or discussing future targets with the area sales manager. Regularly attending company meetings, technical data presentations and briefings.Keeping up with the latest clinical data supplied by the company and interpreting, presenting and discussing this data with health professionals during presentations. Monitoring competitor activity and competitors products; Developing strategies for increasing opportunities to meet and talk to contacts in the medical and skincare sector; Staying informed about the activities of health services in a particular area; Working with team manager to plan how to approach contacts and creating effective business plans for making sales in a particular area.Analyzing Data or Information Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts. Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others. 11 Training Document The objective‘s of the training are to : ? Build the sales teams competency on the scientific aspects of the product and its mode of action and effects on skin ? Impart selling skills , soft skills and territory management Training Modules Technical ?Skin and skin structure ? Different type of skin textures ? Impact of environment and sun ray‘s on skin ? Process of skin ageing ? different types of treatments and procedures Product Knowledge ? Role of each ingredient ? Method of application ? Duration of treatment ? Effect of the product ? Trials done with product and findings ? Comparison with other treatments ? Cost comparison‘s Skills ? Sales Call Model ? Gathering Intelligence ? Objection handling ? Influencing ? Retailing ? Project management ? Presentation 12 Territory Management ? Customer Targeting and Segmentation ? Customer list ?Business Planning ? Work Planning ? Cycle planning Role Plays ? Handling different types of customers ? Negotiating with Chemists ? Group presentations 13 Preparation of benefit statement for each of the buying influences. Characteristic for the Product: Helps you look younger. ? User Buying Influences: What does it do for me? Makes me look younger, gives me self confidence in social groups, and enhances my personality at work. ? Economic Buying Influence: What is the return on investment? Restores beauty and provides better complexion. What is the surety that the product will show the desired results on me? Is the product really ? Value for money‘ when there are alternate products and remedies which are much cheaper? What can be the side effects of the using such a product? What is the duration in which visible results will be shown? 14 Comparative Analysis with two Competetors Particulars Price (50 ml) Volume or Value driven VichyLiftActiv 1490 High Value Low volume Olay-Total Effect 699 Moderate value Moderate volume Sushmita Sen/ Soha Ali Khan Shopping Malls/ General Stores Ponds-Age Miracle 450 Low value High Volume Brand Ambassadors DistributionDermatologist Prescribed Aishwaria Rai Bachan (under LOreal) Special VICHY stores / Medical stores / Shopping Malls YES Malika Arora Khan/Mehr Jesia Shopping Malls/ General Stores NO NO Promotional Message Promotional activity Market Share Technically advanced and quality product 7 day challenge 11% Fights 7 Signs of Aging 28 day challenge 17% Married Women are happy 7 day challenge 37% 15 Marketing development plan for the territory allocated to the manager 1. Dermatologists Since the product is not just positioned as a cosmetic product, the background of the company is that of medical cosmetics.The marketing plan has to exploit the unique dermatology expertise that VICHY boasts of using while developing their product. The Marketing manager has to successfully track the dermatologists in Mumbai and convince them to sell or prescribe Vichy products 2. Organize Conference There have to be conferences held in Hotels or Banquet halls in which top dermatologists of an area should be invited. A lecture on the technicalities and benefits of the product can be conducted by a top foreign Vichy researcher. This will significantly influence the doctors to be associated with our product. 3.Display at Chemists The marketing manager spots top chemists which are located in residential areas that are home to the upper class of society. The core areas would be Andheri, Juhu, Bandra, Pedder Road, Cuffe Parade , Churchgate, Colaba. The top chemists are approached and a small counter of Vichy products is placed at the entrance or in the shop. There is a dedicated Vichy consultant present at the counter who approaches potential customers and brief them about using Vichy products. Providing these potential customers with a free sample which can last for 3-4 days will help in building confidence about the product.This activity can be conducted in a phased manner for a couple of months in one locality and then moving on to other areas. 16 4. Sale Organizing a sale for a specific period in a couple of locations at the same time will improve brand visibility. 17 5. Internet Marketing Creating blogs and websites where Vichy products can get instant online help from experts and other Vichy product users will help build confidence among consumers. The company can offer free trials on the website. A limited number of potential customers can be delivered with free samples for promotional purpose. 18 Territory allocation 9 Sales Call Sheet Name of Salesperson : Date: Prospect Information Company/Client Name: Type of Business: E-Mail Address: Telephone Number: Fax Number: Web Site Address: Address Line 1: Address Line 2: Address Line 3: Address Line 4: City: State/Province: Country/Region: Serial No: Postal Code: Main purpose of the call and expected outcome Customer Participant Name: Telephone Number: E-Mail Address: Job Title: Department: Issue Date: Issue Time: Issues Competitive Analysis Our Strengths Resources Required and Planning Connecting the previous call 20 Customers requirements and concernsSolutions to the customers requirements Next Appointment Details Closing the deal 21 FINANCIALS Sales value One Rep Will Generate in one month. Per Rep Segment Category A Category B Category C Total No of Drs 30 40 100 170 patients / week **7 3 0. 5 Patients /Month 28 12 2 60 cost / pack *1052 1052 1052 Sales value /Month 883680 504960 210400 1599040 *The sale price of one bottle to the distributor will be Rs. 1052. The Maximum Retail Price per bottle is Rs. 1460. **The figure 7 is estimated by assuming the following: The sales representative will be communicating to 30 Category A doctors in a month.These doctors see 65 patients per, and 390 patients in a week. Our product can be recommended to 20% of all the patients that are visiting the doctor. Therefore 78 patients have been recommended by an expert dermatologist to use Vichy‘s anti aging cream. The most optimistic assumption is that 10% of the customers advised will actually make the purchase. Hence it is concluded that in a week‘s time 7 patients will buy the product. A similar assumption is made for the rest of patients. Calculation of Sales Force required. One sales representative makes 8 calls per day and 170 in a month.

Free Essays on Middle Women

The story â€Å"Middle Woman† is a conflict between two characters that are fighting for their lives. One of the characters is the woman and the other is the dragon. It all started when the middle women took a journey to see her sister’s house and on the way she met the dragon that granted her three wishes. The middle women have made her first wish, she wished for the farm to always have enough crops to feed her family. The dragon has grated her wish, when the middle women return her family was gone. So she went to the dragon and told him he said now that your family is gone you’ll never go hungry. The middle women new what the dragon was up to so the second wish was for everything to go back a minute before she have left the house. The middle woman now knows what the dragon is up to. The middle women has said that she won’t use the wish on less she really needs it so the middle women have needed to make a wish but has solved the problems on her own so in the long run the middle women was getting old and very sick and was going to die any day now. The dragon have paid her a visit so she can use her last wish before she goes the middle women told him that I have nothing to wish for everything I wanted has happen my family is happy I’m happy and that’s all that matters, the dragon was pretty upset he told her if she does make a wish he will become mortal and he would die. The middle women as my last wish I wish for you to live a happy life and the people you meet though out your life would be happy to. As you can see, the middle women has done something good she wished that the dragon will live a happy life the way she did. So at the end the middle women died happy and the dragon lives for eternity.... Free Essays on Middle Women Free Essays on Middle Women The story â€Å"Middle Woman† is a conflict between two characters that are fighting for their lives. One of the characters is the woman and the other is the dragon. It all started when the middle women took a journey to see her sister’s house and on the way she met the dragon that granted her three wishes. The middle women have made her first wish, she wished for the farm to always have enough crops to feed her family. The dragon has grated her wish, when the middle women return her family was gone. So she went to the dragon and told him he said now that your family is gone you’ll never go hungry. The middle women new what the dragon was up to so the second wish was for everything to go back a minute before she have left the house. The middle woman now knows what the dragon is up to. The middle women has said that she won’t use the wish on less she really needs it so the middle women have needed to make a wish but has solved the problems on her own so in the long run the middle women was getting old and very sick and was going to die any day now. The dragon have paid her a visit so she can use her last wish before she goes the middle women told him that I have nothing to wish for everything I wanted has happen my family is happy I’m happy and that’s all that matters, the dragon was pretty upset he told her if she does make a wish he will become mortal and he would die. The middle women as my last wish I wish for you to live a happy life and the people you meet though out your life would be happy to. As you can see, the middle women has done something good she wished that the dragon will live a happy life the way she did. So at the end the middle women died happy and the dragon lives for eternity....

News Management, Communication and Social Problems Essay

News Management, Communication and Social Problems - Essay Example Pressure groups do not essentially seek to become part of the government; they only wish to influence the outcomes of various government decisions (Williams, 1998). Pressure groups are designed having a rather narrow and focused aims and they therefore tend to only concentrate on a limited range of specific issues. Unlike the practice that is common with political parties, pressure groups do not put together manifestos covering various broad ranges of spectrum of policies (Chapman, 2004). Although there exists several key differences between political parties and pressure groups, the distinction between the two is often seen to be blurred since some of the parties in the United Kingdom are to small to have the unattainable hope of forming the government and as such these parties resort to trying to influence the government. Various pressures groups like trade unions used to maintain close links with political parties to an extend that it was practically impossible to distinguish betw een the two an example being that the United Kingdom’s Labor Party was formed on the basis of the trade union movement, the trade union movement at one time used to provide the bulk of the party’s funding as well as majorly dominate and influence the direction taken by the various party policies (Williams, 1998). ... This pressure group endeavors to work towards not only the representation, but also the overall protection of all the doctors in the United Kingdom (Browne, 2011). Promotional Pressure Groups: Pressure groups that fall into this category are seen to strive at putting forth various new ideas that all happen to be aimed at attempting to improve and reform the society so as to make it better for particularly the more vulnerable people. A good example of a pressure group that falls into this category in the United Kingdom is the Child Poverty Action Group. This pressure group works at attempting to both represent and raise awareness of the difficult experiences and various effects of poverty that befall poor children (Needham and Dransfield, 1990). Large Corporations and News Management Although in the past, most large corporations had failed to recognize the vital role that public presentation happened to play in their operations, recent times have seen widespread appreciation of the fa ct that most large corporations happen to operate in a media sensitive environment. Large corporations are now engaging in trainings some of their executives on how to deal with any media crisis management (Manning, 2001). Some of the large corporations like Procter & Gamble have implemented various news management strategies that see them issue â€Å"Crisis management manuals† during the hiring process of all new staff members serving in their communications and public relations departments. They also organize mock news media exercises where they engage several freelance journalists who are hired to play the role of reporters from various news agencies such as the BBC and CNN (Manning, 2001). The News Management Strategies

Gender as a Structure of Social Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender as a Structure of Social Practice - Essay Example Hegemony refers to the subordination of one group by another by mere implication that the other is greater. Hegemonic masculinity is exemplified in patriarchal systems where government is controlled by men. Narrowing down to hegemony among groups of men brings up the concept of subordination. The best example of subordinated masculinity is gay masculinity. Homosexual men in society are subordinate to heterosexual men who dominate society (Connell, p. 78). Complicity refers to the quiet acceptance by men of hegemonic structures because they benefit them at the expense of women. Marginalization brings into play class and race as factors that affect the masculinity of an individual. For example, black masculinity in the United States of America is marginalized by white hegemonic masculinity that holds economic power. Black men become associated with poverty, crime, violence, prison and other negative traits (Connell, p.79). Quentin Tarantino’s crime movie Pulp Fiction, considered a classic study of society’s underworld, contains outstanding examples of how society constructs masculinity. All the leading characters are male. The movie has been said to glorify violence among men; all the men in the movie are either career criminals or commit a crime at some point. The men are not above killing other men to achieve their goals, and do not hesitate to physically and emotionally abuse women. To illustrate the workings of Connell’s theory of masculinity, the focus is on the movie’s crime boss, Marcellus Wallace. Marcellus, a black character, is the biggest crime boss in the area. From the onset, he illustrates marginalization masculinity; a black man in oppressed America can only rise to immense wealth and power through crime. It is implied that Marcellus has risen to the top by being ruthless, cold and calculating. He also has a beautiful white trophy wife, played by Uma Thurman. His wealth qualifies him to marry a white woman, representing marginalization masculinity as manifested in the fantasy of the black man as a sexual predator of white women. Black men such as Marcellus actualize the worst fears of the white men in the hegemonic repressive system; taking their women. The ideology here is that a black man has to be extremely wealthy and successful to qualify to marry a white woman as a way of breaking society’s restrictions. Marcellus as boss of the underworld deals in different criminal operations such as drug rings, extortion, prostitution and gambling dens. He represents complicity to hegemonic masculinity as he has adapted the system to his benefit. The businesses he conducts involve prostitution, a form of exploitation of desperate women. He uses these women to enrich himself. He further illustrates hegemonic masculinity by controlling his wife’s every move and treating her like personal property. She has round-the-clock bodyguards under the guise of protection; in reality, he guards her jealou sly and monitors her every move. His paranoid actions seem justified however, when one of his henchmen succeeds in seducing his wife. To men like Marcellus, women are one more thing to be owned and used. Marcellus also treats his henchmen and underlings as disposable, illustrating further compliance to the hegemonic system. He does not hesitate to order assassinations of those who displease him. When a boxer, who was supposed to throw a match, played by Bruce Willis, ends up killing the

Choice of Chinese Government on Forest and Resource Essay

Choice of Chinese Government on Forest and Resource - Essay Example Under the Protected Areas, the ecology and biodiversity are to be protected from any form of human interference, thus sustaining such regions as natural conserved regions that represent natural habitat for different kinds of plant and animal species. In his respect, the transnational boundary conservation efforts between China, Nepal, India, and Bhutan have brought a total of 72% forest and mountainous covered region under the designation of the Protected Areas (PAs), offering a natural habitat for plants and animals to the tune of 10,348 km2. In addition, 11% constituting of conservation corridors has also been designated for protection under the PAs, so that the corridors can allow for the continuity and continuity of the natural habitats by connecting the isolated Protected Areas to form one large block of landmass (IUCN, 27). The essence of reconnecting all the protected areas through the conservation corridors is to ensure that habitat shrinkage is eliminated, while at the same time ensuring that the different isolated species of plants and animals in the different regions designated as protected areas can eventually connect and intermingle. This is meant to create a natural habitat for the plant and animal species that is diverse and all-encompassing, as opposed to the formation of separate habitats where each of the habitats carries different species of plants and animals (ITTO, 7). Â  

Discussing the importance of communication in nursing

Discussing the importance of communication in nursing To listen to another person is the most caring act of all. Listening and attending are by far the most important aspects of being a nurse (Burnard 1992). One of the basic elements of nursing is good communication skills with patients. Being unable to communicate well with a patient immediately can destroy the nurse/patient relationship and therefore the patient may not trust the nurse (Anon 2007). The purpose of this essay is to discuss the importance of communication in nursing. Without communication nurses would be unable to provide the correct care, but improving communication is a life-long developmental process (Ewles and Simnett 2005). I will draw upon my personal experience from the clinical area to show how well the theory relates to the practical side of nursing and use the process recording sheet for structure and guidance (Appendix i). In accordance with The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct, nurses must respect peoples right to confidentiality. Therefore for the purpose of this essay I have used a pseudonym and the patient discussed is referred to as Carol Brown and any personal or identifiable information has also been altered so as to protect her privacy and dignity which are also enshrined in the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) Code of Conduct. I asked Carol for explicit permission to use our interpersonal relationship in my communications essay and advised her of my obligations on my professional conduct to which I am bound by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008), regarding professional, moral and safe practice. Carol was in agreement to be involved with my assignment and on no account was her physical care at risk during this interaction. I was nearing the end of my placement in a general medical ward within a large general hospital. The ward treat a variety of medical complaints including diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, stroke and alcohol liver disease. A young 36 year old female was admitted to the ward, now known as Carol Brown with an increased weight loss due to non-intentional self-neglect probably caused by her chronic condition although could be deep rooted to family relationships (Day and Leahy-Warren 2008). Carol was awaiting heart surgery, replacement hips and replacement knees at major surgical hospital in another area of the country. Her health status was poor as she suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and had a congenital heart defect. Carol was in need of pain management, and although it was currently being managed with a variety of powerful painkillers, these proved to have little relief. Carol spent the majority of time in bed due to her severe pain, and due to this she cried out a lo t. I thought that communication would be difficult with Carol as she was mostly in pain but I also believed that she would like someone to talk to but that person would need to be a good listener. It is important to remember that nurses have the duty to provide care holistically, for the whole person, not just for their physical needs but their mental and social needs too (Kenworthy et al. 2002). Carol liked to be washed in her bed every morning as movement for her was difficult. The bay that she was in was busy with little privacy and only the curtains for seclusion. I went into assist her to wash one morning and because of her psoriasis she needed special creams applied routinely. She spoke quietly about her illness and explained her difficulties to me. Her head was bowed and she had difficulty in making eye contact. She talked slowly and quietly and sometimes mumbled, she also appeared quite melancholy at times. Talking about her family, her illness and when she was younger made her sad and she was crying. I think this was cathartic for Carol and it could be that feelings beneath the surface may need uncovered in more detail to enable her to release her emotions (Bulman and Schutz 2008). I felt that Carols ability to communicate was linked to how she felt about herself. She was inclined to judge herself too severely and underestimated her abilities. This self-blame reflect ed her ability to communicate (Ewles and Simnett 2005). She was in so much pain, her head was bowed and she could not make eye contact. I was leaning in close to her bedside, touch was not good, her body was too sore. I tried to show empathy towards Carol by giving her time to talk, being patient and listening to her. This was an example of Egans (2007) Soler theory which is a non-verbal listening method that is used commonly in communication. Was she crying because she was in so much pain or was it because she was recalling happy memories from before she fell ill? I was keen in developing the therapeutic relationship. According to Arnold and Undermann-Boggs (2003), empathy is the ability to be sensitive to and communicate understanding of the patients feelings. Being compassionate is similar to being empathetic in a way that it is important to recognise that Carols feelings belong to her and not to me. I was interested in Carols illness, to learn more about her condition and hear about her difficulties. Getting to know your patient helps to promote dignified care (Nicholson et al. 2010). She was very independent and wanted to do as much as she could by herself. Help was minimal and she only asked when she was struggling to re-position her feet. I used active listening to allow to her speak without interrupting. Active listening is not only the act of hearing but of being able to interpretate any underlying meaning (Arnold and Undermann-Boggs (2003). I paid close attention to her facial expressions and body language and Argyle (1988 p.57) suggests facial expressions provide a running commentary on emotional states. I asked Carol open questions about her illness as I thought this would allow me to encourage her to talk and she responded to this well. Open ended questions are used to elicit the clients thoughts and perspectives without influencing the direction of an acceptable respon se (Arnold and Undermann-Boggs 2003 p.241). It also allowed Carol to describe her experiences, feelings and understandings and I felt this approach was appropriate. I wanted to try and distract her from her pain as I found it difficult to see her being so unhappy, so I commented on some magazines that were lying on her table and asked her about her taste in music. This was a good subject, her eyes lit up and she smiled. We finally made eye contact. Carol and myself were exchanging verbal and non-verbal communication in order to understand each others feelings. According to Kozier (2008) non-verbal communication can include the use of silence, facial expressions, touch and body posture. Carol was keen to talk about her taste in music and became very chatty, in fact, she became somewhat excited. I put some cds on for her to listen to and as I did this she asked me questions about my taste in music. There was now no barriers to our communication as we both shared the same taste in music. When the music was playing Carol was in a different world, she was more relaxed. Research has shown that the pain and tension of illnesses such as arthritis can be eased with music therapy (Murcott 2006). I took her hand and held it gently, her eyes were closed, she was smiling and she appeared more content. By holding her hand, I felt as though I was comforting and reassuring her. Touch is a form of non-verbal communication and can be a powerful way of communicating (le May 2004). This was an indication that I really did care and that I wanted to help her. Using touch skilfully and thoughtfully can convey that you are able to be with your patient (Benner 2001 p.57). Communication can be therapeutic and the music playing was not a barrier in communications, it was in fact beneficial. Music has the power to tap into our emotions and alleviate tension (Mallon 2000). Therefore, it is argued that effective communication is more than delivering high quality patient-centred care; but it also allows patients to feel involved in their care, which can make a significant difference to their outlook on their treatment (Collins 2009). Reflecting back I realised that I was really quite worried about the communication difficulties I was facing during my interaction. Carol was a very obstinate person who knew exactly what she needed and yet she desperately wanted to be as independent as possible. I wanted her to allow me in and for her to be comfortable with me. I am glad I eventually gained her trust and we both became more relaxed. Trust is an important element in the nurse/patient relationship and can in fact affect the patient care in practice (Bell and Duffy 2009). In fact, the impact that this interaction had on our relationship was that as the days went on we became very good friends and she was very special to me. Sully and Dallas (2005), suggests that to have an empathetic understanding of our patients needs we must recognise their need for comfort and we respond to this compassionately. It was important to be non-judgemental, I accepted Carol for who she was no matter what her circumstances were and my main concern was to care for her in a professional and beneficial way and in a manner that she preferred. The Royal College of Nursing (2003) suggests that the personal qualities of a nurse should include compassion, respect and a non-judgemental approach. Putting the interaction into perspective, I originally found Carol very demanding, always calling out and constantly pressing the call buzzer. Some staff were very reluctant to go to her because her personal care was very time consuming. It was time consuming but it was because she was in a lot of pain. Surely this was a barrier to communication as some staff did not take the time to listen to what Carol required and as health promoters, we need to develop skills of effective listening so that we can help people to talk and express their needs and feelings (Ewles and Simnett 2005). Rogers (2004) used the term unconditional positive regard, this meaning that people can be too judgemental and it is important to disregard how much of a b urden someone thinks a patient with complex needs might be and treat everyone equally. From recording and analysing my interactions I have learned to accept people for who they are as each of us have had different experiences throughout life and these experiences make us who we are. It was also important to acknowledge Carols point of view, her emotions and thoughts without judgement as being aware of these helped to appreciate her perspective and needs (Silverman et al. 2005). I have also learned to be a good listener and an active listener. Ewles and Simnett (2005) suggest that this means taking note of the non-verbal communication as well as the spoken words. It is important to maintain eye contact, observe the body language, listen properly and pick up on non-verbal signs as well as verbal signs. The environment is important too, along with being sensitive, honest and compassionate (Anon 2007). Collins (2007) argues that judgemental attitudes can stand in the way of getting to know your patient and that labels attached to individuals such as demented can act as a l anguage barrier. Effective nursing requires us to be assertive, responsible and to help our patients achieve the best possible health status (Balzer Riley 2008). In conclusion, the key points that have been discussed in this essay are that of the importance of communicating in nursing and how nurses can improve their communication skills and maintain their effectiveness. We must provide holistic care for our patients and the goal is to listen to the whole person and provide them with empathetic understanding. Another key point is that we must be non judgemental no matter what the patients circumstances are. Overall communication during this interaction was positive, therapeutic and helped to build a relationship. This essay has shown how personal experience from the clinical area relates the theory to the practical side of nursing and how it is imperative that communication is clear, understandable, appropriate and effective. 2059 words References ANON., 2007. Communication skills (essence of care benchmark). Nursing Times. http://www.nursingtimes.net/whats-new-in-nursing/communication-skills-essence-of-care-benchmark/361127.article (Accessed on 21.07.10). ARNOLD, E., and UNDERMANN-BOGGS, K., 2003. Interpersonal relationships: professional communication skills for nurses. 4th ed. Missouri: Saunders. BELL, E., and DUFFY, A., 2009. A concept analysis of nurse-patient trust. British Journal of Nursing. 18(1), pp. 46-51. BENNER, P., 2001. From novice to expert: excellence and power in clinical nursing practice. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. BLAZER-RILEY, J., 2008. Communication in nursing. 6th ed. Missouri: Elsevier. BULMAN, C., and SCHUTZ, S., 2008. Reflective practice in nursing. 4th ed. Sussex: Blackwell. BURNARD, P., 1992. Counselling: a guide to practice in nursing. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. COLLINS, S., 2009. Good communication helps to build a therapeutic relationship. Nursing Times. 105(24), pp.11-12. DAY, M.R., LEAHY-WARREN, P., (2008). Self-neglect 1: recognising features and risk factors. Nursing Times. 104(24), pp.26-27. EGAN, G., 2007. The skilled helper: a problem management and opportunity development approach to helping. 8th ed. California:Thomson. EWLES, L., and SIMNETT, I., 2005. Promoting health: a practical guide. 5th ed. Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall. KENWORTHY, N., et al., 2002. Common foundation studies in nursing. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. KOZIER, B., et al., 2008. Fundamentals of nursing: concepts, process and practice. Essex: Pearson Education. LE MAY, A., 2004. Building rapport through non-verbal communication. Nursing and Residental Care. 6(10), pp. 488-491. MALLON, M., 2000. Healing Sounds. The Scotsman. 12th May, p.9. MURCOTT, T., 2006. Music Therapy. The Times. 18th February, p. 17. NICHOLSON, C. et al., 2010. Everybody matters 1: how getting to know your patients helps to promote dignified care. Nursing Times. 106(20), pp. 12-14. NURSING AND MIDWIFERY COUNCIL, 2008. The NMC code of professional conduct: standards for conduct, performance and ethics. London: NMC. ROGERS, C., 2004. On becoming a person: a therapists view of psychotherapy. London: Constable. ROYAL COLLEGE OF NURSING, 2003. Defining nursing. RCN. http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/78569/001998.pdf (Accessed on 29.07.10). SILVERMAN, J., et al., 2005. Skills for communicating with patients. 2nd ed. Oxon: Radcliffe publishing. SULLY, P., and DALLAS, J., 2005. Essential communication skills for nursing. Edinburgh: Elsevier.

Leaving Daddy :: Personal Narrative

Leaving Daddy The house, all bricks and windows silhouetted by the moon, dwindled to the size of Legos as we pulled onto the freeway. I crouched on the back seat of Momma's green sedan, knees tucked under me, facing backwards with my arms folded under my chin. Cheryl, her body tucked into a ball next to me, folded her sweater between her head and the door to soften the rocking of the car. On my left was Doug, his head lolled back onto the seat and his eyes staring at the ceiling, black hair whipping in the wind from the open window in the driver's seat where Momma's elbow jutted out into the darkness, her hand rising every few minutes to wipe the tears from her eyes. As the last thing familiar vanished from sight, I turned toward the front, my feet reaching out for the space between the driver's seat and the passenger's. Mitchell rode shotgun next to Momma, his rightful place as the oldest. The headlights from the car behind us flashed on the front window, and I could see his reflection, the strong jaw and the defiant eyes that challenged everything. "Why are we leaving, Momma?" he asked. "What did we do?" "It wasn't you, Mitchell. It wasn't any of you," Momma said. "Your daddy and I just need some time away from each other." Her eyes watched the white reflectors dividing the lanes disappear under the car. I knew it wasn't about my older brothers this time. I had overheard enough in those few weeks before we moved to Kentucky to understand that the move away from Louisiana was my family's last gamble to save my brothers from the future that was written as darkly on their skins as the tattoos they had drawn on each other's arms with a sewing needle and ink. We were like two sets of children, Mitchell and Doug, then Cheryl and me-a five-year gap in between us creating a rift we could never mend. Even at seven, I recognized my brothers' power as they swept the rest of us into their path, my sister and I hanging on to the edges of the storm. I thought about the house we had just left, how it had blinked from view like the ending of a cartoon where the edges close in till there is only blackness. Inside was the only bedroom I ever had to myself with a lamp in the shape of a drum, a cat clock that wagged its tail and rolled its eyes, and a vent in the floor through which my sister, in the room next door, would whisper stories to me at night. Leaving Daddy :: Personal Narrative Leaving Daddy The house, all bricks and windows silhouetted by the moon, dwindled to the size of Legos as we pulled onto the freeway. I crouched on the back seat of Momma's green sedan, knees tucked under me, facing backwards with my arms folded under my chin. Cheryl, her body tucked into a ball next to me, folded her sweater between her head and the door to soften the rocking of the car. On my left was Doug, his head lolled back onto the seat and his eyes staring at the ceiling, black hair whipping in the wind from the open window in the driver's seat where Momma's elbow jutted out into the darkness, her hand rising every few minutes to wipe the tears from her eyes. As the last thing familiar vanished from sight, I turned toward the front, my feet reaching out for the space between the driver's seat and the passenger's. Mitchell rode shotgun next to Momma, his rightful place as the oldest. The headlights from the car behind us flashed on the front window, and I could see his reflection, the strong jaw and the defiant eyes that challenged everything. "Why are we leaving, Momma?" he asked. "What did we do?" "It wasn't you, Mitchell. It wasn't any of you," Momma said. "Your daddy and I just need some time away from each other." Her eyes watched the white reflectors dividing the lanes disappear under the car. I knew it wasn't about my older brothers this time. I had overheard enough in those few weeks before we moved to Kentucky to understand that the move away from Louisiana was my family's last gamble to save my brothers from the future that was written as darkly on their skins as the tattoos they had drawn on each other's arms with a sewing needle and ink. We were like two sets of children, Mitchell and Doug, then Cheryl and me-a five-year gap in between us creating a rift we could never mend. Even at seven, I recognized my brothers' power as they swept the rest of us into their path, my sister and I hanging on to the edges of the storm. I thought about the house we had just left, how it had blinked from view like the ending of a cartoon where the edges close in till there is only blackness. Inside was the only bedroom I ever had to myself with a lamp in the shape of a drum, a cat clock that wagged its tail and rolled its eyes, and a vent in the floor through which my sister, in the room next door, would whisper stories to me at night.

Mcdonalds Cross Culture

As the world's population Increases and we become a Global society due to the increase In technology, more and more companies are doing business on a global scale. As business Increases Individuals Involved In cross border business alliances have had to have a greater understanding of other cultures to aid in the sustainability of business relationships.From the way business is conducted in other cultures to the way organizations are structured, an understanding of these cultures will inevitably help build businesses and provide positive aspects and a greater willingness to interact from the other ultras we aim to do business with. With the Increase In technology, global working and commuting, countries like England, which has a vast cosmopolitan society, has a greater awareness of other cultures.This Is due to the way we interact as friends, the sharing of other countries foods and the embracing of all that Is good In other cultures Is a rich source of the cross cultural awareness a nd understanding. We now look at the way McDonald's has managed to create a global empire that has taken into account other cultures and how this has aided the Corporation to become major global fast food retailer.Aims and Objectives * Identification of issues In Cross Cultural Organizations * Evaluation of diversity of workforce In various countries ; Analysis of the theories related to Cross Cultural Management * To take a look at the management skills required in a Cross Cultural Organization * To explore and identify the skills, attributes and knowledge needed to be a manager in a cross cultural environment * To look at management approaches for breaking emerging markets * Identify a Strategy for Cross Cultural Organizations Methodology me oenology uses Tort Investigating tons case study was purely researcher Vela secondary research.This included reading books, Journals and websites Culture What is Culture? ‘The sum total of knowledge, attitudes and habitual behavior patte rns shared and transmitted by the members of a particular society Ralph Linton 1940 There are various types of cultures in society, some are listed below: Corporate Culture This is the classed as organization culture or the way an organization does things and how they expect things to be carried out. Sub-culture This is a group having social, economic, ethnic, or other traits extinctive enough to distinguish it from others within the same culture or society.Multicultural This is classed as pertaining to, or representing several different cultures or cultural elements for example a multicultural society. Culture Shock This is the state of bewilderment experienced by an individual who is suddenly exposed to a new, strange, or foreign social and cultural environment. Cultured This is a person who has an awareness of other cultures and may have experienced diversification of cultures first hand. A person who is educated through life experiences rather than by studying academically.Use c ulture shock in a Sentence See images of culture shock Search culture shock on the Web Logistical and Managerial Issues for Cross Cultural Organizations Charles Handy in his book Understanding Organizations (1993) refers to organizational cultures as tribes saying: ‘The greater the size of an organization, the greater the amount of tribes. ‘ The primary problems that may be encountered when dealing with Logistical and Managerial issues within cross cultural organizations are: * Values * Norms * Ideas/Beliefs * Attitudes * Traditions Religion * Lifestyle * HistoryThe way one issue is handled in one country maybe handled totally differently in another country. There is a clear divide between both Western and Non-western ideas as well as society norms, values and religion. In McDonald's an awareness and understanding of other cultures has been a winning factor in the development and rise of the fast food chain. Understanding cultures of the Far East, Middle East and Europe have helped the organization develop as a leader in the field it operates within.Logistically the McDonald's have had to understand the values that are held in entries like India where it is a ‘crime' to kill and eat a cow as this is classed as a sacred and holy animal. So much so that the cow is worshipped as a provider of milk, not meat, which is quite different to the west who have beef as a staple part of a fast food menu in McDonald's and various other fast food chains. In India McDonald's employed Just one franchisee in the whole of a country that has a population that is touching the 1 Billion mark.This was due to the fact that the franchisee was a person who has lived and worked in India for over arrears and has a greater understanding f the culture than an outside westerner. This Cross Cultural awareness is what has made McDonald's such a popular brand in India since being introduced in the sass's. In addition to this the use of pork is forbad in India as the pig is c lassed as unclean or Harm by the Muslim population in India. Though only small in size, McDonald's saw this as an issue and removed pork from the menu that was due to be implemented in India.Managerial issues that are relevant in one country may not be relevant in another. For example, in England the Manager on the shop floor in McDonald's works closely tit the shop floor staff as they are seen by the Junior employees as part of a team and this is addressed in the Management training that is part of the induction as a manager. In India however the whole of society is based on a class system even though this has been outlawed since the last century. However the enforcement of this class system is self propagated and the divide between the upper and lower classes is substantial.The manager will tend to be based in an office on site and will expect his delegates to manage the day-to-day running of the franchise without the manager's continual input. This gives responsibility to the del egate but also makes them aware of the social place where they belong. The lower classes are rarely given senior Jobs despite education standards which maybe higher among individuals. The majority of lower classes will hold positions as cleaners or doormen.Cross cultural management issues don't seem to create issues logistically or managerially as the McDonald's corporation main business is not done across borders. The supply of the product is done within the franchise country where social status and norms are already understood and accepted by those being employed. Areas of Consideration Regarding Culture Douglas McGregor X & Y Theory Douglas McGregor suggests that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people: * Theory X * Theory Y The majority of managers tend towards Theory X, and generally get poor results.Lifted and more conscious managers use Theory Y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Theory X (Authoritarian Manag ement Style) * Most people dislike work and will avoid it they can. * As a consequence of the above statement most people must be forced with the wreath of punishment to work towards ‘organizational' goals and objectives. * Most people prefer to be directed and delegated. This will avoid personal responsibility and leaves the employee relatively ambitious, and most Just want security above anything else.Theory Y (Participative Management Style) * People will apply self-control and self-direction in the pursuit of organizational objectives, without external control or the threat of punishment. * Commitment to objectives is a function of rewards associated with their achievement. * People usually accept and often seek responsibility. The capacity to use a high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving organizational problems is widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population The McDonald's organization has a modern approach to the theory and practice of mana gement.One of the primary aspects of its well balanced management style is the majority of the management that run franchises around the world are developed through the organization rather than outside management being brought in. This is largely due to Ray Crock's theory that a person needs to be able to see the placement possibilities that are available to them. Employment mobility is an important factor in the development of a person.They need a participative management style as defined in ‘Theory Y above to be of benefit to the company and themselves Alienation via authoritative management approaches can have a detrimental effect ions TTT moral as well as Atlanta gal. Tort ten Dustless Owe to lack AT reoccurring business as customers can pick up on a poorly run and unenthusiastic workforce. Abraham Mascots Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Mascots hierarchy of needs has been used as a basis by many academic scholars within the study of motivation.They are adaptations of Mascots t heory that include additional tiers within the model, however the original concept devised by Moscow is solely inclusive of the five tiers listed below, from top to bottom: * Self Actualization – Personal growth and fulfillment * Esteem Needs – Achievement, status, responsibility, reputation * Belongingness ; Love Needs – Family, affection, relationships, work group * Safety Needs – Protection, security, order, law, limits, stability * Biological and Physiological needs – Basic life needs, air, food, drink shelter, armor, sleep, sex etc Mascots theory sees the lower part of the needs, Biological and Physiological as needs that need to be satisfied first, once these have been satisfied only then can the needs further up the scale or pyramid be satisfied.Self actualization at the top can only be fulfilled if the lower parts of the scale are satisfied, if these aren't satisfied the satisfaction of the upper tier become irrelevant. Modern organization are now realizing that sustained success is achievable. Once it is realized that the unequivocal support giving to employees will help achieve the Eng term fulfillment, and will help them realism their own personal potential. Managers need to understand that the Biological & Physiological needs need to be fulfilled so that a person can start satisfying needs, the basics of life need stability for a person. Then moving up the pyramid only then can a person start thinking about their ‘Esteem and Self Actualization needs'.This however may vary in countries like India, Pakistan and other poorer countries, where all of the lower needs may not be fulfilled due to lack of finances and thus the Esteem & Self Actualization needs may be stronger through the adversity of being poor and wanting to succeed and develop. A manager for McDonald's need to have an understanding of his employees needs and empathic with their situation particularly in Asian countries where the divide in classes i s evident. The manager needs to motivate and manage even through everyday adversity to ensure that a person has a sense of belonging and that the TTY Is Torment Vela ten employment. On a more senior level regarding area management or even continent management a manager needs to understand that-?:Strategic Decisions are made for what is best for both the Customer and the Employee, and also the management style has to take into account and be consistent with a customer and employees diversity of cultures and values. They need to have a caring approach towards company as well as the employees. The senior manager needs to inspire trust among their workforce and have a greater understanding of the multicultural cosmopolitan world that we live in today. Strategic decisions need to be made by taking into account the recipient countries culture and the manager must use this to act and develop constructively when immunization across borders. The transferring of this knowledge needs to be use d when doing business in an organization that is building on a global scale and that crosses national borders and diversity of cultures.Challenges for Global Managers Stereotyping and Ethnocentrism ‘If individuals of a specific nationality are confronted with negative rather than positive stereotypes of themselves by other nationalities these individuals will not recognize themselves in the profile made'. (Browsers ; Price 2008) Stereotyping is defined as making assumption of another culture or country through unrepresentative generalizations which have been associated with the culture and country as a whole. This can mean for instance that all Chinese eat rice and work in payday fields and that all Indians eat curry and live in big extended families. These statements are unrepresentative of the country and are classed as sweeping statements based on what a few people do.Ethnocentrism is classed as a belief in the intrinsic superiority of the nation, culture, or group to which one belongs, often accompanied by feelings of dislike for other groups Inevitability this will result in some form of prejudice and discrimination as a feeling f superiority is held by when a culture or country is Ethnocentrism. Misconstrued preconceptions and false stereotyping can have a profound effect on an individual by resulting in having a lower self esteem issue as talked about by Moscow and can result in alienation from a group. This is detrimental to both the well being of the individual as well as the wellbeing of the company. Errata Areas to De consoler By a Manager * Cross Cultural Awareness and Understanding * Knowledge of various cultures norms and beliefs * Eradication of stereotyping and addressing employee as an individual not a ultra bias * Elimination of Ethnocentrism as this can breed alienation and hatred * Development of own awareness and deletion of self prejudices Hypotheses Cultural Framework Greet Hefted is a Dutch social psychologist who carried out a pi oneering study of cultures across modern nations. This study was created in order for organizations to recognize and benefit from knowledge of how the various cultures around the world address issues and how interacting across nations with different cultures can be made easier by a greater understanding of these diverse cultures. Greet Hefted created a Framework or Dimension that helped compare the cultures from various nations and he used the below sections to help compare these nations using a Cultural Indices. â€Å"Culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy. Cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster. † Proof. Greet Hefted.Applying the Dimensions to Countries Around the World Confucian Dynamism Confucianism is not a religion it is a collection of pragmatic rules of daily life. â€Å"In practical terms Confucianism refers to a long-term versus a short-term orientation in life† Greet Hefted McDonald's (USA) versus Countries From around the World Austria Brazil Australia China Denmark Italy Poland As can be seen from the charts above there is a large contrast within the indices for various countries and cultures around the world when compared with the USA. Western countries like Australia show a correlation of cultures with the USA, whereas there is a large disparity between eastern and western cultures with countries like China and India.Strategies for Managers in Organizations With Cross Cultural Issues The main Strategy that should be employed to aid in organizations with Cross Cultural issues are: An introduction into ‘Equality and Diversity by ensuring that every employee has participated in a course covering this area. * Senior management should look at also how a course like the ones offered by Greet Hefted regarding his Cultural Framework can be used to help break new emerging markets. This will also help to gain a better understanding of existing established markets and how the services can be improved to gain effectiveness and efficiency. * Establish Corporate ‘Equality and Diversity Champions that will instill the values of fairness and understanding of other cultures that are part of the corporate business.Ensure that the recruitment of staff, particularly managers are done correctly and effectively by the Human Resource management department by placing an emphasis on Cultural Diversity as key criteria for selection. * Ensure that the retention of key staff is paramount for the business, particularly Equality and Diversity Champions as these are the propagators of the corporate aim to achieve cultural awareness. * Use Key indicators to help monitor the effectiveness of the Equality and Diversity course being implemented. Quantify this information to evaluate if improvements re required, whether all cultural interactions are represented by this course and monitor future and refresher courses.Conclusion when McDonald's was Torment In ten sass's an ten corporation relents were Drought out by the founder Ray Crock his main emphasis was to duplicate his franchise idea not only across the United States, but also across the world. How big this realization was at the time is quite modestly spoken about in Ray Crock's autobiography. The growth of McDonald's was done incrementally rather than a franchise explosion across the world and it was Ray Crock's values and visions that help get the brand name associated with quality. This was widely accepted as the norm in the USA and when a customer visited a McDonald's they knew what they were to receive on the menu.Breaking into the international market placed a greater emphasis of understanding cultural practices of the new franchise country, and what foods would be accepted as being part of the menu. In addition to this the senior management of McDonald's USA needed to gain a greater understanding of how the new culture they were to sell their food to would take to the menu. Adaptations had to made, and certain foods had to be removed from the menu in astern and far eastern countries. Worldwide McDonald's had a major diversification in their labor force. This diversity had to be represented in the training and practices that McDonald's employed in various countries and this was primary dealt with by continent managers of these areas e. G. Europe, Asia and South America.The staff who work in the franchises were trained according to regional customs and traditions and various foods available in the western world were seen as Harm for these countries, so adaptations had to be made. As the company grew incrementally these countries were fully researched so a ultra awareness was available to the corporation. Differences were recognized by the corporation so these had to addressed so that advertising and marketing was appropriate. Cultural sensitivity and elimination of stereotyping and prejudice had to be taken into account. Individuals from various cultures are motivated and concerned with various things that needed to be understood by the management of McDonald's to ensure that no alienation was created.

Jack Kerouac essays

Jack Kerouac essays Born in the town of Lowell, Massachusetts, in 1922, Jack Kerouac was born to Leo and Gabrielle Kerouac, a French-Canadian couple in which Jack didnt even learn to speak English until age 6, when he was enrolled in school. Jack Kerouac would aspire to be one of the most inspirational writers of his time and in American history. Although, through his younger years, and while he was in school, he took a more athletic approach to life. Jack played Football in high school and was among the popular crowd, despite his shy personality. Like many young and disinterested students, he would ditch school at least once a week, all while managing good grades in his classes. What was unusual about his behavior was that he didnt ditch with his friends to go see girls or get into trouble, he went to the town library where he read books by Shakespeare, Victor Hugo, William Penn and scholarly books on Chess (he was on a chess team in school.) Jack was born as a third child, but lived as a second when his brother died of rheumatic fever at age nine. Jack was heartbroken. The real magic began when Jack started writing. Influenced by those he read about as a child in the Lowell Town Library, Jack wrote about his own life experiences and visions of his life. One could consider Jack a philosophical writer, but most classified him as a poet of the beat generation. Jacks poetry opened a new path for him. Jack had been writing novels such as Maggie Cassady and Vanity in Duluoz and more famous ones such as The Town and The City and On The Road. Jack wrote poetry which was later compiled into books before he died. Jack Kerouac took risks and adventures, traveling with friend and writer, Neal Cassady through the Southern Atlantic Ocean on a boat. Jack wrote about these adventures and used them in his novels which were published when he returned home. After Jack had formed his vision of...

Book Report Leadership Energy Essays

Book Report Leadership Energy Essays Book Report Leadership Energy Paper Book Report Leadership Energy Paper Cottrell has tried to put complicated ideas of a process to make successful organization into orders of simple principles which can be applied in everyday situations. This is an easy to read book. However, it does not mean the content is easy to guest and it is not worth reading. In fact, all of the cases that Cottrell mentioned are all significant ones of what an energize organization looks and feels like, and there are always something could be learned. He identifies five key The conductors of Leadership Energy: synchronization, speed, communication customer focus and integrity. If these are applied and followed, they ill not only turn your organization around with positive energy, but also show a leader how to maintain this energy. Chapter one is a comparison between the famous Albert Einstein equation and the Leadership Energy equation. It is a little bit unclear and creating curiosity, but everything will be answer and become much clearer from chapter 2 on. I really like chapter 6, communication conductor, because to me, communication is the key. It could be the most important one. In my personal experience, I work at couple of different places, but only at one place that I really felt the energy to go to work, and happy with it. My manager is a great person, he always goes to talk to employees, smile a lot, and he does not hesitate to give someone a complement. Most important thing, I did not feel Like he Just said that and did not care Like some others managers whom I got. He gave me some new responsibilities, and that made me feel important. Everybody wants to feel that they are Important, and I really tried to work harder. I know that making people happy and working harder at the same time Is not easy, but he did It. He Is my role model of a great leader. I think this book Is highly recommended for anyone who Is Interested In the topic of leadership. It packs very powerful principles to turn the mass Into a highly positive place to work. As Cottrell said, a leader must have the courage to learn. He vision to lead, and the passion to share. Successfully doing this will not only help you, but also help others in your team/organization to archive high goals. Book Report Leadership Energy (E=Mac): a High Velocity Formula to Energize Your Team, Customers and Profits. By Smallwood Albert Einstein is famous with his equation E=Mac. That is a revolution in science, and now, Cottrell wanted to base on that to make another revolution in finding a key Leadershi p Energy is also E=Mac. E represents your organizations energy; M for complement. Most important thing, I did not feel like he Just said that and did not care like some others managers whom I got. He gave me some new responsibilities, and that made me feel important. Everybody wants to feel that they are important, harder at the same time is not easy, but he did it. He is my role model of a great leader. I think this book is highly recommended for anyone who is interested in the topic of leadership. It packs very powerful principles to turn the mass into a highly positive place to work. As Cottrell said, a leader must have the courage to learn, the

Critique of the play See how they run by Philip King Movie Review

Critique of the play See how they run by Philip King - Movie Review Example The play is not all about slapstick but also has great dialogues incorporated into it. Without the backing of the dialogues, slapstick alone could not have made an impact. And more importantly, the characters in the play are all well created. Each character is given importance and each character has it share in being stupid at one time and witty in another. This combination is what differentiates the play from being mediocre to a classic comedy. The actors have done a good job but it could have been even better. The actors could have been more innovative and induced specific character traits. The need here was to have crisp and quick dialogues. Even though the dialogues are good, setting up of the dialogues was little off. At some places in the play it the punch line becomes elongated. The punch line has to be quick in order to make a better impact. Actors should have made intelligent and intentional choices to differentiate their characters. Another important aspect that can be improved is the stage setup and the use of it by the artists. As the play includes outrageous situations, intelligent use of the stage is vital. At some places, it feels like the actors are moving around just to fill out space on the stage. This takes out the authenticity out of the play. â€Å"See how they run† is a fantastic and very funny play. But the overall success of a play not just depends on the script but also on the various other elements. Even though there were some places that can be improved, I completely enjoyed the play.

Personal assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Personal assessment - Essay Example Though he sometimes fails to identify a problem, he has always more than 1 solution for it. He goes step by step when faced with a problem. When faced with a complex or a difficult problem that does not have an easy solution When trying to foster more creativity and innovation among those with whom he works, he is very supportive and appreciates ideas coming out of people. He knows how to motivate people to get the best out of them. Therefore I agree with his abilities in this respect. In a situation where it is important to obtain more power , my colleague keeps himself involved in events and activities. He tries to improve himself and tries to think out of the box in order in order to generate creative ideas. He refuses to come under anyone’s influence and does not agree to other people’s terms. When someone needs to be motivated, he does not believe in rewarding people, though he is always there to help them out. He takes charge of the situation when productivity is insufficient. He does compliment those who deserve it. When he sees someone doing something that needs correcting, he is not one of those who sit back after giving their views. He is always encouraging people to challenge his perspective and ask him questions. I slightly disagree with the fact that he cannot take the criticism into account in situations when someone complains about something he has done. In fact, he asks the other person to adjust his behavior. With respect to situation in which he desires to make my team perform well, regardless of whether he is a leader or member, I disagree slightly with his competence in doing so. He does not encourage his team enough to make some serious innovation and achieve the best possible results. With regard to his ability to lead change, I disagree with his abilities, because when he is leading change he does not keep any track of things that go wrong. It would be a lot better if he was more