Criminal Justice 101 - 2640 Words

Question 1 A. The court structure in Kansas consists of four levels and they are the municipal court, district court, the court of appeals and the supreme court. All four levels are important and play slightly different roles depending on the crime. The municipal court is where people go when they have speeding, stop sign tickets, misdemeanor traffic violations, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, driving with a suspended license and expired plates. They may also hear animal ordinance public offense cases as well. In municipal court you will have an arraignment where you are able to please guilty, not guilty or no contest. You do have the right to an attorney but this court does not have jury trials. Jail time or†¦show more content†¦In fact, being in prison can sometimes encourage new criminal behavior. Everything from assaults, rapes and even murders occur in prisons across the country. Inmates can also learn ways to perfect their criminal life. As with other theories of punishment though, there is research that invalidates and research that supports incapacitation. Rehabilitation assumes criminal behavior can be improved with non-punitive methods. Rehabilitation, although non-punitive, usually occurs along side punishment. For instance an incarcerated person may be given many rehabilitative options. Mental health programming, substance abuse counseling and even education programming exist in modern day correctional facilities. A judge may sentence someone to attend rehabilitative programming as a part of probation or it may be included as a stipulation in a plea agreement. At the core of rehabilitation is the thought that a criminal is flawed, often through no fault of their own. Poverty, mental health issues, or childhood trauma may all contribute to a criminal life and rehabilitation attempts to aid in a sort of recovery. If a person is cured of their issues, perhaps they will not recidivate. A very simple, yet popular and long-standing goal of sentencing is retribution. Criminals are punished according to their crime because they deserve punishment. The idea that a certain crime equals a certain punishment is very simple and couldShow MoreRelatedCriminal Justice 1011582 Words   |  7 PagesI Criminal Justice 101 Unit 3 IP ABSTRACT In this paper, a senior federal agent has been assigned as the division training officer, who is responsible for providing and coordinating training for divisional agents and the local police officers that have been assigned to work on a federal task force. I am assisting in the preparation of the curriculum forRead MoreThe On The Criminal Justice System984 Words   |  4 PagesGarland (2001), view on â€Å"the criminal justice system in America was created to keep communities safe, to respect and restore victims, and to return offenders who leave prison to be self-sufficient and law-abiding. Treatment simply did not work either by therapy or broader social programs and became is a monumental failure that our states and nation can no longer afford† (p.61) Garland (2001) stated â€Å"that the collapse of faith in our correction system began a wave of demoralization that underminedRead MoreA Comparative Study of the Field Criminal Justice and Criminology1314 Words   |  6 PagesFields Criminal Justice and Criminology Javier Landa-Miranda Ivy Tech Community College CRIM 101 What is Criminal Justice and what is Criminology? They are the same? Those are the questions that people ask their selves when they talk about those fields. There might be many controversies about the differences and similarities about Criminal Justice and Criminology. People must think that these two fields are totally different or just the same thing. The reality is that Criminal Justice and CriminologyRead MoreExpository Essay : The Criminal Justice Department1081 Words   |  5 PagesKortez Campbell English 101-I November 18 2015 Expository essay on college major Introduction The Criminal Justice Department provides educational opportunities to help gain skills and knowledge in the areas of criminal delinquent process, criminology, and corrections while evaluating moral and ethical issue of public servants. As a student at Chowan University my career path is law enforcement. I stride to obtain a Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement Track, B.S degree, obtaining this degreeRead MoreSubstance Abuse Among Teenagers And Adolescents1703 Words   |  7 Pagesmeet the clinical diagnosis criteria for substance abuse disorder (2011). This epidemic is the most costly public health problem in America today. Annually, $68 billion is spent toward underage drinking and $14.4 billion is spent toward juvenile justice programs that are substance abuse related. Federal, local, and state governments are spending an average of $468 billion each year on substance abuse, which is the equivalent of $1,500 for each person in the country. Substance abuse disorders mostRead MoreEssay On Criminal Justice System1070 Words   |  5 PagesDevelopment of a sound criminal justice policy means that research and statistical data must be utilized to understand where the issues that need attention are, as well as giving an idea of how to contain the damages. The (BJS), or Bureau of Justice Statistics is the primary agency of statistics for the U.S. Department of Justice. They collect, analyze, publish, and disseminates evidence on crime, those of whom commit the crimes, the victims of the crimes, as well as the operation of justice system s at allRead MoreDay-To-Day Realities of Criminal Proceedings in the Downing Centre Local Courts 1417 Words   |  6 Pagesday-to-day realities of criminal proceedings in the Downing Centre Local Courts, and the completion of systematic fieldwork notes intends to address the complex nature of justice. With specific regard to the operation of the local court system and its key players, the impact of the criminal justice system on those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged and particularly those without legal representation, and the issue of whether justice is achieved. The discussion of whether justice is achieved will drawRead MoreUnit 9 Final Paper for Criminal Justice1165 Words   |  5 PagesRachel Miller 2013-08-06 Criminal Justice- CJ 101 Professor Kim Miller Unit 9 Final Essay Our United States Corrections System has two specific ways into having people pay for their crimes. One way is punishment. People of the victims or even the victims believe this is the best way to get their justice. The second is rehabilitation. This way is good to give an offender a second chance in society and it gives them self- being. This also gives them the opportunity to accomplish academicRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Of The United States839 Words   |  4 PagesThe criminal justice system, in the United States, is fragmented with regards to the many different courts which exist, and the roles that they play in the administration of justice. Before any police officer can make an arrest, or any court try a case, there must be laws to enforce. Law on the books refers to the written law and rules society must live by in order to be acceptable members of that society (Neubauer Fradella, 2008). This differs from the law in action, which is how those laws areRead MoreRebo und Drug Court Intern1110 Words   |  5 PagesAdams Juvenile Justice Center at 4309 Memorial Drive in Decatur GA. The juvenile court was established in 1899 as an entity separate from the criminal court. As a separate court system of justice for young people, it focused on prevention and remediation of delinquent behavior (Lemov). The state of Georgia has a Dual Juvenile Justice Department: Independent and Dependent. Independent Court manages there own services and information system away from the Department of Juvenile Justice. Dependent Courts

The Wifes Lament Essay - 1532 Words

The Wifes Lament Over the years, there have been many interpretations of who the speaker of The Wife’s Lament could be. These range from very interesting ideas to ones that seem a little rough around the edges. It is obvious that no sure answer can be found due to the fact that whoever wrote this poem is dead and that the answer will always be in speculation even if it is correct. Hopefully, at the end of this quest I will be slightly more enlightened as to who the true speaker may really be. There are some things that we do know about this poem. It is most often referred to as an elegy because of the mood of mourning and regret. Upon further reading I discovered that this poem is like others of its time period. Many†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I have the right to say what miseries I have endured since I grew up, new or old-never greater than now.† Even though this poem is relatively short, the vivid expression of grief is somewhat awe-inspiring. The first interpretation of who the speaker is in The Wife’s Lament is very shaky and not well accepted among scholars and even the average reader. This interpretation is that the speaker may be a male and not a female as we all believe. It was very common in Anglo-Saxon times for the lord of a group of people to be more to them than a ruler. Very often he would become a close friend to his people and they loved him like family. The relationship between lord and man was more than just a business arrangement and although they were working for the lord, he was respected much like a father figure would be. The problem with this interpretation is that the grammatical gender is feminine. This is the reason why everyone assumes that the speaker is a female. Supporters of this reading of The Wife’s Lament believe that somewhere along the line of translating the poem the translator made a mistake and changed the gender of the speaker. As I have already said, this interpretation is very rough around the edges and rather hard to believe. I believe that if the speaker were male then there would be no real reason for his being exiled in this fashion. It was not a custom for communities to allow â€Å"foreigners† in thus falsifyingShow MoreRelatedLoss and Reflection in The Wifes Lament860 Words   |  3 PagesLoss and Reflection in â€Å"The Wife’s Lament† Isolation from society can evoke a deep loneliness and self-reflection. The poem The Wifes Lament from the Exeter Book expresses the desolation of exile. The dominant theme is the contrast of a happy past and a bleak present of isolation. The anonymous author of The Wifes Lament uses setting, tone, and conflict to develop the theme of great loss. He/she augments a situation in which meditation on lifes past joys is the only redemption in a life sentencedRead MoreThe Seafarer, The Wanderer, And The Wifes Lament896 Words   |  4 Pagesthat’s most commonly used to honor the dead.’ Considering the Anglo-Saxon traits of loneliness,sadness, and tragedy, â€Å"The Seafarer,† â€Å"The Wanderer,† and â€Å"The Wife’s Lament† all exhibit typical characteristics of this influential time period through the How to Read Poetry notes. To begin with, â€Å"The Seafarer,† â€Å"The Wanderer,† and â€Å"The Wife’s Lament† all exhibit the trait of loneliness. â€Å"I can make a true song about myself, tell travels, how I often endured days of struggle, troublesome times,...† In thisRead MoreThe Absence of Women in Beowulf, The Wifes Lament, and the Battle of Maldon1941 Words   |  8 PagesThe Absence of Women in Beowulf, The Wifes Lament, and the Battle of Maldon It could be argued that women are indeed present in the minority in surviving Anglo-Saxon poetry, and that therefore, they are made conspicuous through their absence. The fact they may appear less frequently in Old English Literature does not necessarily mean that women were any less significant in society at this time, although this is the conclusion reached by some. It is assumed that women did, in general, have lessRead More The Anglo-Saxon poems, The Wanderer, The Seafarer, and The Wife’s Lament3469 Words   |  14 PagesThe Anglo-Saxon poems, â€Å"The Wanderer,† â€Å"The Seafarer,† and â€Å"The Wife’s Lament† The Old English, or Anglo-Saxon, era of England lasted from about 450-1066 A.D. The tribes from Germany that conquered Britain in the fifth century carried with them both the Old English language and a detailed poetic tradition. The tradition included alliteration, stressed and unstressed syllables, but more importantly, the poetry was usually mournful, reflecting on suffering and loss.1These sorrowful poems fromRead MoreFaith Versus Fate in the Poems The Seafarer, The Wanderer, and The Wifes Lament660 Words   |  3 PagesThe Seafarer, The Wanderer, and The Wife’s Lament all contains faith verses fate. The three poems are very similar and very different. The three poems ranging from a lonely man, to a lost soldier, to a wife’s bedrail. The medieval poems show hurt, confusion, and loneliness. The Seafarer, The Wanderer, and The Wife’s Lament all contain keening in the personalized poems, in many lines. The Wanderer is a poem based on a soldier who went into exile because of the death of his dear lord. In line twentyRead MoreTheme Of Exile In The Seafarer1451 Words   |  6 Pagesseparation and banishment between people and also between the people and their native country, meaning exile. During this time exile caused a great deal of pain and grievance. The three poems written in this period, The Seafarer, The Wanderer, and The Wife’s Lament were not only translated and written in the Medieval Period, but also related to this period in terms of exile. Relating to the Medieval Period, each of these poems has the overall theme of exile meaning the speakers in each poem are in a stateRead MoreThe Anglo Saxon Era Of Rich History And Reflected Literature1486 Words   |  6 PagesPeriod began in 449 and ended in 1066 AD. This was a time of Viking conquering other nations, patriotism, and Pagan to Christian religious conversion. There are only few recorded authors of this era as a result of literary works such as Beowulf, Wife’s Lament, and The Seafarer being passed down orally through generations of time. The literature serves as a reflection of this ancient time rather than having an impact on this time period. This was a period of great conquering, pride and honor, and ChristianRead MoreThe Importance Of A Common Bumper Sticker Quote903 Words   |  4 Pagesreality became clear; women are to be an object, a fixture, a malleable ball of clay left for shaping at the hands of the man she shadows. However true this may be, this paper, my last soapbox to preach observations upon, aims to reference: The Wife’s Lament, Beowulf, Paradise Lost, The Flea, and The Poetess’s Hasty Resolution to reiterate and further emphasize the use of, shift in, and development of gender roles. My primary focus resting upon the roles of women in literature throughout the time-periodsRead More Medieval Women Essay1034 Words   |  5 Pagesisolation and desperation felt by these women is captured in the â€Å"The Wife’s Lament† as the speaker describes her inability to control her own situation. The female characters Wealhtheow, Hildeburh, and Freawaru in Beowulf also display the limited role of women as peace-weavers. The only female character with some power in Beowulf is Grendel’s mother, who retaliates for the death of her son. The speaker of â€Å"The Wife’s Lament† is a peace-weaver who has been abandoned by her tribe. She describesRead MoreRethinking Gender And Space On Old English Literature877 Words   |  4 PagesRethinking Gender and Space in Old English Literature Beowulf and The Wife’s Lament are written between 100 and 1600 centuries. There has been different interpretation of the poems, some, an attempt to fit the events in the poems into the 21st century which has led to distortions and misrepresentation especially of the female characters and their representation in these poems. According to Shari Horner, twentieth century critics have tried to read women in Beowulf particularly as garrulous, weak

Natural Monopoly Identification and Regulation

Question: Discuss about the Natural Monopoly Identification and Regulation. Answer: Introduction: According to Vikharev (2013), a natural monopoly exists in an industry when the only firm experiences are decreasing cost condition over a long range of output due to economies of scale. In this situation, if the market is divided among more than one firm, then average cost (AC) will be higher. Therefore, from the point of view of cost minimization, it is better that only one firm should exist in such an industry. From the point of view of Stiglitz Rosengard (2015), it can be notified that natural monopoly exists in public utility services such as transport, communication, and supply of electricity, fuel, water and much more. In this perspective, the government of the concerned country intervenes in the market and regulates the market price at that point where the demand curve cuts the average total cost curve. The main reason behind the fact is that it covers the unwanted loss in the economy. As argued by Nizovtseva (2013), the cost-benefit analysis is the main motive of the government. In this research essay, the regulation of the government in the natural monopoly has been critically analyzed along with the cost-benefit approach. Discussion: To critically analyze the reason of government regulation in the natural monopoly, the researcher needs to consider the equilibrium condition and profit maximization point of the monopoly market. According to Minamihashi (2012), a monopoly is said to prevail if there is a single seller in the market for a product which has no close substitutes and there are barriers to entry and exit. Apart from this, sometimes the size of the market may be such as not to support more than one firm of optimum size (Saglam, 2016). The examples are transport, electricity, telephone, fuel and water. There are substantial economies which can be reaped at a large scale of output. A single firm can supply the desired output at a lower cost than two or smaller forms can. These types of firms are known as natural monopolies (Soda Carlone, 2013). In the monopoly market, the short-run equilibrium of a monopolist occurs at the point where Marginal Revenue (MR) = Marginal Cost (MC) and the slope of MR is less than the slope of MC. As per this figure, the short-run equilibrium point under monopoly market is E at which the above stated two conditions are satisfied. As a result, the equilibrium price is p* and the equilibrium quantity is q* under the monopoly market. On the other hand, as per this figure, the ATC is less than the equilibrium price of monopoly (p*). Thus, the rectangular area p*cdf represents the profit of the monopoly firm under short-run. In this situation, both the MC and ATC is upward rising, and the monopoly firm attains the supernormal profit. Therefore, the government has no power to regulate its equilibrium price and quantity (Wang Yang, 2012). In the case of long-run also, monopoly firm achieves the profit, and there is no need to government regulation for setting the price according to its opinion. According to this figure, the long-run equilibrium is at the point E at which MR = LMC = LAC = SMC = SAC and change in MR are less than the change in MC. The rectangular area p*cEd represents the profit of the monopoly under long-run. In this perspective, it can be notified that the amount of long-run profit is much higher than the amount of short-run (Yang, Tang Nehorai, 2013). On the contrary, the above situation is slightly differed in the case of natural monopoly. According to Nizovtseva (2014), a natural monopoly is a firm that can produce the entire output of the market at a cost which is lower than what it would be if there were several firms. This situation usually arises when there are strong economies of scale (Belousova, Bushanskiy, Livchits Vasilieva, 2015). As a result, the Long Run Average Cost falls (LAC) over the entire range of output and in this respect, LMC always lies below in LAC. In short, both the LMC and LAC curves are downward sloping. Now, given the market demand curve and corresponding MR curve, the equilibrium price and output are p* and q* respectively. In the context of the above figure, if the firms are unregulated, then, it would produce the potential output at q* level and charged the price at p*. The monopoly equilibrium point is E at which the equilibrium conditions are satisfied. However, if the monopolist is a private producer, then the government of a country attempts to control the price and output. As opined by Khan (2014), the main reason behind the fact is that the motive of the private producer is to earn a profit. On the contrary, in the case of natural monopolies, public utility services such as communication, infrastructure, and transport, the supply of electricity, water and fuel are not profit earning projects. As a result, government intervention is needed to eliminate the dead weight loss from the economy (Carvalho Marques, 2014). If the government wants to fix the price equal to MC which is same as the competitive price, then the equilibrium price will be reduced, and output will be increased. Now, the equilibrium point is at E1 at which the corresponding price is P1, and the quantity is Q1. On the contrary, as per this figure, at the equilibrium point E1, the monopolist will incur a loss. In this situation, the price could not cover the LAC. At the point E1, P = LMC LAC. The loss is represented by the rectangular colored area P1C1C2E1. As a result, as per the view of Belousova, Bushanskiy, Livchits Vasilieva (2015), to avoid the pure economic losses, the firm would go out of business. Thus, to make it stay in business, the concerned government of the country should provide a subsidy to the monopolist. This subsidy also compensates the pure economic loss. However, in the words of Hawley (2015), the provision of subsidy from general tax revenue involves the increased government expenditure. As a result, the government may not adapt such a policy always. As per the view of Carvalho Marques (2014), this policy is known as Marginal Cost Pricing (MC Pricing). On the other hand, the concerned government may set the price at P2 which is equal to LAC. In this case, the equilibrium is achieved at the point of E2 where the AR curve and the LAC curve intersect to each other. The equilibrium level of output is much less than the amount of output in the case of MC pricing. Moreover, at the same time, the price will be higher than MC. In this figure, the price is P2 under AC Pricing which is much higher than the price level, P1 under MC pricing. In this perspective, as per the view of Guha (2016), the monopoly firm neither earns any monopoly profit nor suffers losses. The achieved amount of output, Q2 is large enough as it can exist without driving the firm out of business. According to Preston (2012), it is known as Average Cost Pricing (AC Pricing). It can be pointed out that there is, of course, some dead weight loss in the economy, but the amount of dead weight loss is less than the dead weight loss under monopoly pricing. In other words, as per the view of Wang Yang (2012), both the equilibrium price and output under AC pricing are less desirable than those under MC pricing. Furthermore, under AC pricing there will be some loss in the welfare of the buyers. On the contrary, in the words of Yang, Tang Nehorai (2013), to avoid the extra expenditure, the concerned government may adapt the AC pricing. In this perspective, it may be noted here that to adapt a proper pricing policy for controlling the natural monopoly, the associated market demand curve and the cost function of the private producer who is the monopolist must be known to the government (Starc, 2014). In the absence of such knowledge, control of natural monopoly by the government is not possible. As a result, the government in most of the cases supplies such services so that the private monopoly does not exist (Vikharev, 2013). In this consequence, it can be notified that under monopoly market situation, the firm faces some dead weight loss and both the price and output are not so much significant compare to the price and output under perfect competition (Stiglitz Rosengard, 2015). According to this figure, the firm under the monopoly market faces a high price, and low level of the output compare to the firm under the perfect competition. With the help of cost and benefit analysis of consumer surplus and producer surplus, it can be pointed out that the triangle are b and c are the dead weight loss in the economy. The sum of these triangles (b + c) indicates the pure economic loss of the economy. As a result, the concerned government intervenes in the market to correct and regulate the market so that the economic loss is eliminated (Nizovtseva, 2014). By referring to the above analysis, it can be inferred that the primary motive of the government is to eliminate the dead weight loss from the economy. Now, in the case of natural monopoly, public utility services are delivered. The private producer, as well as the monopolistic firm, cannot be able to produce the socially optimum level of output alone (Soda Carlone, 2013). The public utility services such as telephone companies, gas pipelines, railroads, electric services, fuel, and water are not instant profit earning projects. Moreover, in the words of Nizovtseva (2013), the Marginal Private Benefit (MPB) is lower than the Marginal Social Benefit (MSB) which can be mitigated by the regulation of the government of the country in the form of subsidy. Now, in the case of MC pricing, P = MC which indicates that if demand increases, the electricity utility cannot be able to supply the desired quantity demanded (Saglam, 2016). Therefore, it ensures to increase the price to the point at which the existing capacity is equal to the quantity demanded. Now, in that situation, LAC is greater than P. Therefore, a huge amount of loss is incurred which is borne by the government (Minamihashi, 2012). Thus, to get rid of this unwanted burden, the government prefers to choose the AC pricing. Though there is some dead weight loss, the pure economic loss can be eliminated. Conclusion: Based on the above analysis of the regulation of natural monopolies, it can be concluded that AC pricing is more preferable than the MC pricing. One of the drawbacks of monopoly market is that it incurs dead weight loss compare to the perfect competition market structure. As a result, the government wants to regulate its price as well as quantity to eliminate the dead weight loss. In this perspective, a natural monopoly is that type of firm which experiences the decreasing cost condition over a long range of output. This can be done due to the presence of economies of scale. Moreover, the cost minimization process is better if the only one firm exists in the market rather than more firms. In short, the natural monopolies serve the public utility services. In this perspective, the private producer cannot be able to achieve the socially optimum level of output during the production of this type of service. Thus, the government regulation is needed efficiently to control both the price and quantity. If the government sets its price at the point of MC pricing, then a huge amount of pure economic loss is incurred which is unwanted. Therefore, to set the price at the point of AC pricing is a better decision as there is no economic loss. However, there exists some dead weight loss, but not so much significant. Reference List: Belousova, N. I., Bushanskiy, S. P., Livchits, V. N., Vasilieva, E. M. (2015). Modern Approaches to Natural Monopoly Identification and Regulation under Russian Economic Reform.Current Politics and Economics of Russia, Eastern and Central Europe,30(1/2), 35. Carvalho, P., Marques, R. C. (2014). Computing economies of vertical integration, economies of scope and economies of scale using partial frontier nonparametric methods.European Journal of Operational Research,234(1), 292-307. Guha, B. (2016). Moral Hazard, Bertrand Competition, and Natural Monopoly. Hawley, E. W. (2015).The New Deal and the problem of monopoly. Princeton University Press. Khan, N. Z. (2014). Natural Monopoly, Public Trust and Vested Interests: Case of Power Sector in Pakistan.Policy Perspectives: The Journal of the Institute of Policy Studies,11(2), 29-56. Minamihashi, N. (2012). Natural monopoly and distorted competition: evidence from unbundling fiber-optic networks. Nizovtseva, I. (2013). Index of the economic interaction effectiveness between the natural monopoly and regions. I. Math Model. Nizovtseva, I. (2014). Generalization index of the economic interaction effectiveness between the natural monopoly and regions in the case of multiple simultaneous projects.Applied Mathematical Sciences,8(25), 1223-1230. Preston, J. (2012). Beyond the quiet life of a natural monopoly: Regulatory challenges ahead for Europes rail sector.Brussels: Centre on Regulation in Europe, Issue paper,2. Saglam, I. (2016). Regulating a Manager?controlled Natural Monopoly with Unknown Costs.Managerial and Decision Economics. Soda, G., Carlone, A. (2013). Cultural Change, Reorganization and Diversification (19962002): The Search for a New Identity. InNational Monopoly to Successful Multinational(pp. 25-42). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Starc, A. (2014). Insurer pricing and consumer welfare: Evidence from medigap.The RAND Journal of Economics,45(1), 198-220. Stiglitz, J. E., Rosengard, J. K. (2015).Economics of the Public Sector: Fourth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Vikharev, S. (2013). Verification of mathematical model of development cooperation programs between natural monopoly and regional authorities. Wang, X., Yang, H. (2012). Bisection-based trial-and-error implementation of marginal cost pricing and tradable credit scheme.Transportation Research Part B: Methodological,46(9), 1085-1096. Yang, P., Tang, G., Nehorai, A. (2013). A game-theoretic approach for optimal time-of-use electricity pricing.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,28(2), 884-892.

Of Mice And Men(Good) Essays - English-language Films, Films

Of Mice And Men(Good) The novel Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck, is about two men who are brought together and share few good times, such as each others company, and the more overwhelmingly the bad times. Both men fight the loneliness that was ramped during the Depression. The story begins in the foothills of Salinas, California, in the middle of the Great Depression. Here we meet two men, who are able to carry all of their possessions in a bindle, and are continually planning on how to get their own land and live off of the ?fat a da land?. George, the mentally stronger of the two, tells his companion Lennie, how life is going to be on this piece of land. Lennie is constantly asking George to repeat his because it makes him feel good and this is understandable because Lennie has the mental capacity of a two year old. Before the two men are able to purchase this coveted piece of land that they are after, they need to save enough money. That is the reason they go to work on a barley ranch. This ranch wi ll change their lives forever. While at the ranch, Lennie breaks the hand of the bosses' son and then accidentally kills the wife of the son. After Lennie kills the woman, and other previous mishaps at previous jobs, George realizes that because of Lennies mental capability, or lack of it, Lennie will continue to hurt and maybe even kill other people. George decides to shoot Lennie in fear that if anyone else will get to him, that they will hurt him. Throughout this entire novel, there are many examples of loneliness. Steinbeck stresses the theme of loneliness through the characters of Crooks, Candy, and Curley's wife. The first character Steinbeck uses to express loneliness in his book is Crooks. Crooks is a crippled, black, ranch hand. He became crippled when a horse kicked him in the back. Also, because of his skin color, he is never allowed in the other men's bunk to play cards or just hang out. Crooks is all alone in the barn and wishes he had somebody to stay with him. He showed this when he said ?S'pose you didn't have nobody. S'pose you couldn't go into the bunkhouse and play rummy ?cause you was black'. How'd you like that (Page 72) Another quote Crooks says that shows that he is lonely is when he states, ?A guy needs somebody - to be near him. A guy goes nuts if he ain't got nobody. Don't make no difference who the guy is long's he's with you. I tell ya. I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an' he gets sick.? (Page 72I) The second character that Steinbeck uses to stress loneliness is Candy. Candy is an old ranch hand who lost his hand in a machine. Candy becomes lonely when he loses his dog. A fellow worker killed his dog after many of the men complained that the dog stunk and that it was only suffering, considering that it was not able to feed itself. He offers to help George and Lennie reach their dream of owning property if he can live with them, doing small odd jobs around the house and yard. He offers this because he is lonely and is not sure how long he will be kept around the ranch. He explains to them that he needs somewhere to go when he is let go. Andy expressed this in the novel when he says, ?When they can me here I wisht somebody'd shoot me. But they won't do nothing like that. I won't have no place to go, an I can't get no more jobs.? (Page 60) Another example is when Candy misses his dog after raising it from just a little pup. This is let known when Candy says, ?I ought to of shot th at dog myself, George. I shouldn't of let no stranger shoot my dog.? (Page 61) Candy's only dream is of always being someplace where he is accepted. The final character that John Steinbeck emphasizes isolation in is Curley's wife. She tells the men on the ranch how she is continually lonely